Earth is the third planet from the Sun and the only object in the Universe known to harbor life. It is the densest planet in the Solar System and the largest of the four terrestrial planets.
Let’s find out some intriguing facts about it!
1. According to radiometric dating and other sources of evidence, Earth formed about 4.54 billion years ago.
2. Earth’s gravity interacts with other objects in space, especially the Sun and the Moon, Earth’s only natural satellite.
3. During one orbit around the Sun, Earth rotates about its axis over 365 times; thus, an Earth year is about 365.26 days long.
4. Earth’s axis of rotation is tilted, producing seasonal variations on the planet’s surface.
5. The gravitational interaction between the Earth and Moon causes ocean tides, stabilizes the Earth’s orientation on its axis, and gradually slows its rotation.
6. Earth’s lithosphere is divided into several rigid tectonic plates that migrate across the surface over periods of many millions of years.
7. About 71% of Earth’s surface is covered with water, mostly by its oceans.
8. The remaining 29% is land consisting of continents and islands that together have many lakes, rivers and other sources of water that contribute to the hydrosphere.
9. The majority of Earth’s polar regions are covered in ice, including the Antarctic ice sheet and the sea ice of the Arctic ice pack.
10. Earth’s interior remains active with a solid iron inner core, a liquid outer core that generates the Earth’s magnetic field, and a convecting mantle that drives plate tectonics.
11. Within the first billion years of Earth’s history, life appeared in the oceans and began to affect the Earth’s atmosphere and surface, leading to the proliferation of aerobic and anaerobic organisms.
12. Some geological evidence indicates that life may have arisen as much as 4.1 billion years ago.
13. Since then, the combination of Earth’s distance from the Sun, physical properties, and geological history have allowed life to evolve and thrive.
14. In the history of the Earth, biodiversity has gone through long periods of expansion, occasionally punctuated by mass extinction events.
15. Over 99% of all species that ever lived on Earth are extinct.
16. Estimates of the number of species on Earth today vary widely; most species have not been described.
17. Over 7.4 billion humans live on Earth and depend on its biosphere and minerals for their survival. Humans have developed diverse societies and cultures; politically, the world has about 200 sovereign states.
18. The Earth is unlike every other planet in the Solar System in a number of different ways.
19. It is the only planet that has an atmosphere containing 21 percent oxygen. StartsIt is the only planet that has liquid water on its surface.
20. StartsIt is the only planet in the solar system that has life. StartsThe Earth is the only inner planet (Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars) to have one large satellite, the Moon.
21. Mars has two very tiny moons. Mercury and Venus have none. StartsThe Earth is fragile.
22. Its surface is split into plates (tectonic plates) which float on a rocky mantle – the layer between the surface of the earth, its crust, and its hot liquid core.
23. The inside of the Earth is active and earthquakes, volcanoes and mountain building takes place along the boundaries of the tectonic plates.
24. StartsAs a result of the Earth’s geological activity (the volcanoes and earthquakes) the surface of the Earth has far fewer craters than the surface of planets such as Mars, Venus and Mercury or the surface of the Moon.
25. The craters have sunk down or been worn away by wind and rain over millions of years.
26. Starts When viewed from outer space much of the Earth’s surface cannot be seen because of clouds of water vapour.
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